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1914 Iowa Senate election

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1914 Iowa Senate election

← 1912 November 3, 1914 1916 →

22 out of 50 seats in the Iowa State Senate
26 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Republican Democratic
Last election 32 18
Seats after 35 15
Seat change Increase3 Decrease3

Results
     Democratic gain      Republican gain
     Democratic hold      Republican hold

The 1914 Iowa State Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 1914 United States elections. Iowa voters elected state senators in 22 of the state senate's 50 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.

A statewide map of the 50 state Senate districts in the 1914 elections is provided by the Iowa General Assembly here.

The primary election on June 1, 1914, determined which candidates appeared on the November 3, 1914 general election ballot.[1][2]

Following the previous election, Republicans had control of the Iowa Senate with 32 seats to Democrats' 18 seats.

To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 8 Senate seats.

Republicans maintained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1914 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 35 seats and Democrats having 15 seats (a net gain of 3 seats for Republicans).

Summary of Results

[edit]
  • Note: The 28 holdover Senators not up for re-election are not listed on this table.
State Senate District Incumbent Party Elected Senator Party
1st Edward Patrick McManus Dem Joseph R. Frailey Rep
7th John J. Dunnegan Dem Herbert Inghram Foskett Rep
9th LaMonte Cowles Rep Frank E. Thompson Rep
10th Samuel Wakefield Neal Rep John Milton Lindl(e)y[a] Dem
12th Henry W. Spaulding Rep Charles C. Laffer Rep
13th John Francis Webber Dem Chester W. Whitmore Rep
17th Anthony Milroy McColl Rep John Wasson Foster Rep
18th Thomas Henry White Rep John Cramer Voorhees Dem
20th Alexander Middleton Garrett Dem Frederick William Eversmeyer Rep
21st August A. Balluff Dem Fred G. Henigbaum Rep
22nd John Lowry Wilson Dem William J. Greene Dem
29th Edward Phillip Malmberg Rep David S. Fleck Dem
30th John Benedict Sullivan Rep Addison Melvin Parker Rep
34th Edward L. Crow Dem Grant L. Caswell Dem
35th Nicholas John Schrup Dem Nicholas John Schrup Dem
37th Daniel Cady Chase Rep Daniel Cady Chase Rep
38th Sherman W. DeWolf Dem Henry W. Grout Rep
42nd Philo Milton Jewell Rep Lauritz M. Enger Rep
44th John G. Legel Dem George Harold Jackson Rep
45th Asa L. Ames Rep Harry Cook White Dem
48th Joseph Mattes Rep Charles C. Helmer Rep
50th Joseph Holmes Allen Rep Joseph Holmes Allen Rep

Source:[3]

Detailed Results

[edit]
Popular vote share by district
  • NOTE: The 28 districts that did not hold elections in 1914 are not listed here.

District 1District 7District 9District 10District 12District 13District 17District 18District 20District 21District 22District 29District 30District 34District 35District 37District 38District 42District 44District 45District 48District 50

  • Note: If a district does not list a primary, then that district did not have a competitive primary (i.e., there may have only been one candidate file for that district).[4][5]

District 1

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 1 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joseph R. Frailey 1,354 100.00%
Total votes 1,354 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 1 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic J. P. Cruikshank 1,534 60.56%
Democratic B. A. Dolan 999 39.44%
Total votes 2,533 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 1 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive W. H. Grimwood 9 100.00%
Total votes 9 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 1 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joseph R. Frailey 4,080 57.79%
Democratic J. P. Cruikshank 2,744 38.87%
Progressive W. B. Roberts 236 3.34%
Total votes 7,060 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

District 7

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 7 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican H. I. Foskett 1,333 64.15%
Republican Remer C. Campbell 745 35.85%
Total votes 2,078 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 7 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic I. G. Scott 863 100.00%
Total votes 863 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 7 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive F. P. Spencer 99 100.00%
Total votes 99 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 7 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican H. I. Foskett 3,774 54.58%
Democratic I. G. Scott 2,674 38.68%
Progressive F. P. Spencer 345 4.99%
Prohibition James Davison 121 1.75%
Total votes 6,914 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

District 9

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 9 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Frank E. Thompson 608 50.33%
Republican La Monte Cowles (incumbent) 600 49.67%
Total votes 1,208 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 9 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic C. M. Conrad 1,001 63.76%
Democratic S. H. Sater 569 36.24%
Total votes 1,570 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 9 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive Roy H. Barrett 143 100.00%
Total votes 143 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 9 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist Frank Kubisch 96 100.00%
Total votes 96 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 9 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Frank E. Thompson 2,806 45.46%
Democratic C. M. Conrad 2,457 39.80%
Progressive Roy H. Barrett 465 7.53%
Socialist Frank Kubisch 308 4.99%
Prohibition Lee W. Mix 137 2.22%
Total votes 6,173 100.00%
Republican hold

District 10

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 10 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican F. S. Finley 2,497 100.00%
Total votes 2,497 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 10 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John M. Lindl(e)y[a] 886 66.52%
Democratic G. M. Van Ausdall 446 33.48%
Total votes 1,332 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 10 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive S. L. Musselman 174 100.00%
Total votes 174 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 10 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John M. Lindl(e)y[a] 3,642 46.35%
Republican F. S. Finley 3,611 45.96%
Progressive S. M. Musselman 496 6.31%
Prohibition Charles Glattly 108 1.37%
Total votes 7,857 100.00%
Democratic gain from Republican

District 12

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 12 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Charles C. Laffer 1,602 67.71%
Republican William C. Windett 764 32.29%
Total votes 2,366 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 12 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic J. H. Platt 1,452 100.00%
Total votes 1,452 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 12 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive U. S. Chacey 282 100.00%
Total votes 282 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 12 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist E. Brolliar 4 100.00%
Total votes 4 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 12 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Charles C. Laffer 4,328 49.04%
Democratic J. H. Platt 3,406 38.59%
Progressive U. S. Chacey 800 9.06%
Prohibition Robert Lincoln 166 1.88%
Socialist E. Brolliar 125 1.42%
Unknown[b] Frank Pine 1 0.01%
Total votes 8,826 100.00%
Republican hold

District 13

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 13 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Chester W. Whitmore 1,004 56.60%
Republican Ed. J. Moore 770 43.40%
Total votes 1,774 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 13 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John F. Webber (incumbent) 1,340 100.00%
Total votes 1,340 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 13 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive D. H. Emery 73 100.00%
Total votes 73 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 13 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist Elmer Bull 37 100.00%
Total votes 37 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 13 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Chester W. Whitmore 3,297 47.45%
Democratic John F. Webber (incumbent) 3,000 43.17%
Socialist Elmer Buce 376 5.41%
Progressive D. H. Emery 276 3.97%
Total votes 6,949 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

District 17

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 17 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John W. Foster 4,044 70.27%
Republican Edward E. Fitsimmons 1,711 29.73%
Total votes 5,755 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 17 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic M. T. Foley 669 51.54%
Democratic Charles Hanna 629 48.46%
Total votes 1,298 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 17 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive Sam'l Gardner 29 100.00%
Total votes 29 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 17 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist Charles McLuen 1 50.00%
Socialist E. E. Fitsimmons 1 50.00%
Total votes 2 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 17 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John W. Foster 5,435 57.76%
Democratic M. T. Foley 3,394 36.07%
Progressive Sam'l Gardner 457 4.86%
Socialist Charles McLuen 123 1.31%
Total votes 9,409 100.00%
Republican hold

District 18

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 18 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Thomas H. "Tobe" Smith (incumbent) 1,625 100.00%
Total votes 1,625 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 18 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic J. C. Voorhees 1,306 100.00%
Total votes 1,306 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 18 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive N. Nielson 89 100.00%
Total votes 89 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 18 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic J. C. Voorhees 4,171 56.51%
Republican Thomas H. "Tobe" Smith (incumbent) 2,994 40.56%
Progressive N. Nielson 216 2.93%
Total votes 7,381 100.00%
Democratic gain from Republican

District 20

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 20 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican F. W. Eversmeyer 2,107 100.00%
Total votes 2,107 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 20 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic A. M. Garrett (incumbent) 1,103 100.00%
Total votes 1,103 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 20 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive Frederick D. Steen 46 100.00%
Total votes 46 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 20 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican F. W. Eversmeyer 4,124 49.56%
Democratic A. M. Garrett (incumbent) 3,639 43.73%
Progressive Frederick D. Steen 558 6.71%
Total votes 8,321 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

District 21

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 21 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Fred G. Henigbaum 1,619 100.00%
Total votes 1,619 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 21 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic August A. Balluff (incumbent) 1,216 63.70%
Democratic Mathew J. Gorman 693 36.30%
Total votes 1,909 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 21 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive M. H. Calderwood 15 100.00%
Total votes 15 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 21 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist J. D. Selman 62 100.00%
Total votes 62 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 21 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Fred G. Henigbaum 6,221 53.14%
Democratic August A. Balluff (incumbent) 4,897 41.83%
Socialist J. D. Selman 588 5.02%
Total votes 11,706 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

District 22

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 22 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican C. L. Root 433 100.00%
Total votes 433 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 22 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic William J. Greene 1,243 52.20%
Democratic J. H. Ingwersen 1,138 47.80%
Total votes 2,381 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 22 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive S. D. Robb 5 100.00%
Total votes 5 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 22 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist Thomas Angell 13 100.00%
Total votes 13 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 22 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic William J. Greene 4,104 49.67%
Republican C. L. Root 3,908 47.30%
Socialist Thomas Angell 164 1.98%
Progressive S. D. Robb 86 1.04%
Total votes 8,262 100.00%
Democratic hold

District 29

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 29 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Ross R. Mowry 905 57.57%
Republican W. J. Miller 667 42.43%
Total votes 1,572 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 29 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic D. S. Fleck 867 100.00%
Total votes 867 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 29 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive M. A. Carrier 29 100.00%
Total votes 29 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 29 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist Perry Engle 2 100.00%
Total votes 2 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 29 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic D. S. Fleck 2,632 49.11%
Republican Ross R. Mowry 2,470 46.09%
Progressive M. A. Carrier 162 3.02%
Prohibition J. M. Woodrow 95 1.77%
Total votes 5,359 100.00%
Democratic gain from Republican

District 30

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 30 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Addison M. Parker 3,543 50.76%
Republican Thomas Fairweather 3,437 49.24%
Total votes 6,980 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 30 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic A. K. Stewart 683 54.25%
Democratic A. H. Hoffman 576 45.75%
Total votes 1,259 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 30 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive M. J. Wragg 111 100.00%
Total votes 111 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 30 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist C. A. Danielson 189 100.00%
Total votes 189 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 30 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Addison M. Parker 7,543 60.69%
Democratic A. K. Stewart 3,366 27.08%
Progressive M. J. Wragg 982 7.90%
Socialist C. A. Danielson 538 4.33%
Total votes 12,429 100.00%
Republican hold

District 34

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 34 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James S. Dewell 2,399 100.00%
Total votes 2,399 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 34 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic G. L. Caswell 2,623 100.00%
Total votes 2,623 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 34 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive G. S. Waterhouse 30 100.00%
Total votes 30 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 34 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic G. L. Caswell 5,884 50.14%
Republican J. S. Dewell 5,267 44.88%
Progressive G. S. Waterhouse 584 4.98%
Total votes 11,735 100.00%
Democratic hold

District 35

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 35 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican R. P. Roedell 1 100.00%
Total votes 1 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 35 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic N. J. Schrupp (incumbent) 4,736 99.98%
Democratic W. C. Leik 1 0.02%
Total votes 4,737 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 35 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive W. C. Leik 100 100.00%
Total votes 100 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 35 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist Adam Mueller 13 100.00%
Total votes 13 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 35 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic N. J. Schrup (incumbent) 6,279 83.59%
Progressive William C. Leik 991 13.19%
Socialist Adam Mueller 242 3.22%
Total votes 7,512 100.00%
Democratic hold

District 37

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 37 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican D. C. Chase (incumbent) 3,460 56.01%
Republican William Weldon 2,718 43.99%
Total votes 6,178 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 37 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican D. C. Chase (incumbent) 6,229 71.43%
Democratic William Wiemer 2,211 25.35%
Prohibition Bruce Riley 281 3.22%
Total votes 8,721 100.00%
Republican hold

District 38

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 38 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican H. W. Grout 2,386 58.91%
Republican R. N. Cowin 1,664 41.09%
Total votes 4,050 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 38 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Sherman W. De Wolf (incumbent) 1,322 93.16%
Democratic Harvey J. Hess 97 6.84%
Total votes 1,419 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 38 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive Harvey J. Hess 114 99.13%
Progressive George E. Boyce 1 0.87%
Total votes 115 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 38 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Henry W. Grout 5,133 47.25%
Democratic Sherman W. De Wolf (incumbent) 5,099 46.94%
Progressive Harvey J. Hess 631 5.81%
Total votes 10,863 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

District 42

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 42 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Lauritz M. Enger 909 57.60%
Republican H. L. Spaulding 669 42.40%
Total votes 1,578 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 42 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Herman Kull 882 100.00%
Total votes 882 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 42 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist C. J. Torgrimson 2 100.00%
Total votes 2 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 42 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Lauritz M. Enger 3,841 52.48%
Democratic Hermann Kull 3,329 45.48%
Socialist C. J. Torgrimson 85 1.16%
Prohibition W. B. Perry 64 0.87%
Total votes 7,319 100.00%
Republican hold

District 44

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 44 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Jackson 1,936 100.00%
Total votes 1,936 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 44 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John G. Legel (incumbent) 1,173 100.00%
Total votes 1,173 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 44 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George H. Jackson 3,628 56.34%
Democratic John G. Legel (incumbent) 2,812 43.66%
Total votes 6,440 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

District 45

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 45 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican A. L. Ames (incumbent) 1,724 100.00%
Total votes 1,724 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 45 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic H. C. White 966 100.00%
Total votes 966 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 45 Socialist Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Socialist H. S. Von Lacun 1 100.00%
Total votes 1 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 45 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic H. C. White 4,756 49.63%
Republican A. L. Ames (incumbent) 4,638 48.40%
Socialist H. S. Von Lacun 189 1.97%
Total votes 9,583 100.00%
Democratic gain from Republican

District 48

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 48 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican S. J. Sayers 1,259 32.92%
Republican J. A. Henderson 1,225 32.03%
Republican Charles C. Helmer[c] 705 18.44%
Republican J. B. Hungerford 635 16.61%
Total votes 3,824 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 48 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Joseph J. Meyers 1,982 100.00%
Total votes 1,982 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 48 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive August Lundell 70 100.00%
Total votes 70 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 48 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Charles C. Helmer 4,452 48.47%
Democratic Joseph J. Meyers 4,174 45.44%
Progressive August Lundell 559 6.09%
Total votes 9,185 100.00%
Republican hold

District 50

[edit]
Iowa Senate, District 50 Republican Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joseph H. Allen (incumbent) 2,137 53.08%
Republican Scott C. Bradford 1,889 46.92%
Total votes 4,026 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 50 Democratic Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Fred J. Kenning 70 100.00%
Total votes 70 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 50 Progressive Primary Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Progressive Oscar Olson 13 100.00%
Total votes 13 100.00%
Iowa Senate, District 50 General Election, 1914
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joseph H. Allen (incumbent) 3,983 52.61%
Democratic Fred J. Kenning 2,586 34.16%
Progressive Oscar Olson 1,002 13.23%
Total votes 7,571 100.00%
Republican hold
  1. ^ a b c The Senator's name is listed as both "Lindly" and "Lindley" on the Iowa Senate website.
  2. ^ No party was listed for this candidate.
  3. ^ Despite placing in third in the Primary, Helmer would go on to the General election.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Primary Election 1914 For State Senator" (PDF). Iowa Official Register. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  2. ^ "General Election 1914 For State Senator" (PDF). Iowa Official Register. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  3. ^ "Legislators". Iowa State Senate. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  4. ^ "Primary Election 1914 For State Senator" (PDF). Iowa Official Register. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  5. ^ "General Election 1914 For State Senator" (PDF). Iowa Official Register. Retrieved June 14, 2021.